{"id":12300,"date":"2023-10-27T17:15:57","date_gmt":"2023-10-27T09:15:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/immimpangkep.ponpes.id\/blogguru\/?post_type=blog&p=12300"},"modified":"2023-11-02T17:26:43","modified_gmt":"2023-11-02T09:26:43","slug":"terjemah-matn-shofwatu-zubad-nadzom-fiqh-syafiiyah-28-kitab-zakat","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/immimpangkep.ponpes.id\/blogguru\/blog\/terjemah-matn-shofwatu-zubad-nadzom-fiqh-syafiiyah-28-kitab-zakat\/","title":{"rendered":"Terjemah Matn Shofwatu Zubad (Nadzom Fiqh Syafi\u2019iyah) \u2013 28: Kitab Zakat"},"content":{"rendered":"

Oleh:\u00a0Muhammad Farid Wajdi<\/strong>\u00a0*)<\/p>\n

BLOGGURU<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 Sudah kenal Kitab Matn Shofwatu Zubad atau lebih populer disebut Nadzom Zubad? Ya, Kitab Matn Zubad\u00a0berisi nadzom (syair) puisi yang terdiri dari 1.000 bait lebih tentang Fikih Syafi\u2019iyah. Kitab Matn Fikih ini populer diajarkan di Pondok Pesantren karena mudah dihafalkan dalam bentuk nadzom.\u00a0 Meski begitu Matn Zubad ini tak hanya menguraikan bait-bait syair tentang fiqih, akan tetapi juga mengandung materi Bab Tauhid dan Tasawuf. Secara umum kitab Zubad dapat kita bagi menjadi tiga bagian yakni bagian bab aqidah\/tauhid di bagian awal kitab, bab fiqih asy-Syafi\u2019iyah di bagian tengah dan bab tasawuf di bagian akhir kitab. Sehingga mempelajari Matn Zubad, akan terasa lebih lengkap pemahaman khazanah keilmuan Islam kita, karena\u00a0 isinya mencakup semua materi dasar yang wajib diketahui sebagai umat Islam yaitu: \u2018Aqidah, Fiqih dan Tasawuf.<\/p>\n

Matan Zubad adalah hasil karya Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Hussein ibn Hasan ibn \u2018Ali ibn Yusuf ibn \u2018Ali ibn Arsalan al-Ramli [753H -844H] atau lebih dikenal dengan nama Ibnu Ruslan. Beliau lahir di Ramlah, Palestina dan wafat di Baitulmaqdis, Palestina. Matan Zubad ini banyak disyarahkan oleh para ulama seperti Ghayah al-Bayan fi Syarh Zubad Ibn Ruslan oleh al-\u2018Allamah Syamsuddin al-Ramli, Mawahib al-Shomad fi Hal Alfaadz al-Zubad oleh Syaikh Ahmad al-Hijazi al-Fasyani, Ifaadah al-Saadah al-Umad bi Taqrir Ma\u2019ani Nazam al-Zubad oleh al-\u2018Allamah al-Sayyid Muhammad bin Ahmad bin \u2018Abd al-Baari al-Ahdal, Faidh al-Manan Syarh Zubad Ibn Ruslan oleh al-\u2018Allamah al-Sayyid Yusuf bin Muhammad al-Bathah al-Ahdal dan lain-lain lagi.<\/p>\n

Berikut ini Terjemah Matn Shofwatu Zubad (Nadzom Fiqh Syafi\u2019iyah) \u2013 28: Kitab Zakat (Bait 414-441)<\/p>\n

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{\ufed7\ufe8e\ufedf\ufeee\u0627 \ufeb3\ufe92\ufea4\ufe8e\ufee7\ufeda \ufefb \ufecb\ufee0\ufee2 \ufedf\ufee8\ufe8e \ufe87\ufefb \ufee3\ufe8e \ufecb\ufee0\ufee4\ufe98\ufee8\ufe8e \ufe87\ufee7\ufeda \ufe83\ufee7\ufe96 \u0627\ufedf\ufecc\ufee0\ufef4\ufee2 \u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufedc\ufef4\ufee2}<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\ufedb\ufe98\ufe8e\ufe8f \u0627\ufedf\ufeb0\ufedb\ufe8e\ufe93<\/h4>\n
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Kitab Zakat<\/p>\n

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\ufeed\ufe87\ufee7\ufee4\ufe8e \u0627\ufedf\ufed4\ufeae\ufebd \ufecb\ufee0\ufef0 \ufee3\ufee6 \ufe83\ufeb3\ufee0\ufee4\ufe8e … \ufea3\ufeae \ufee3\ufecc\ufef4\ufee6 \ufeed\ufee3\ufee0\ufedc\ufe8e \ufe97\ufee4\ufee4\ufe8e<\/h4>\n

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414. Sesungguhnya zakat itu wajib atas orang Islam merdeka, nyata (kepemilikan hartanya), dam (harta yang dizakati) milik sempurna<\/p>\n

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\ufed3\ufef2 \ufe87\ufe91\ufede \ufeed\ufe91\ufed8\ufeae \ufeed\ufe83\ufecf\ufee8\ufe8e\ufee1 … \ufe91\ufeb8\ufeae\ufec1 \ufea3\ufeee\ufedd \ufeed\ufee7\ufebc\ufe8e\ufe8f \ufeed\u0627\ufeb3\ufe98\ufef4\ufe8e\ufee1<\/h4>\n

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415. Adapun yang wajib dizakati yaitu: unta, sapi, kambing dengan syarat haul (genap setahun), genap satu nishab dan digembalakan<\/p>\n

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\ufeed\ufeab\ufeeb\ufe90 \ufeed\ufed3\ufec0\ufe94 \ufecf\ufef4\ufeae \ufea3\ufee0\ufef0 … \ufe9f\ufe8e\ufeaf \ufeed\ufedf\ufeee \ufe83\ufeed\ufe9f\ufeae \ufedf\ufee0\ufee4\ufeb4\ufe98\ufecc\ufee4\ufede<\/h4>\n

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416. Dan (yang wajib dizakati pula) yaitu: emas, perak, selain perhiasan yang boleh dipakai walaupun dia sewakan kepada orang lain yang (boleh) memakainya<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ufeed\ufecb\ufeae\ufebd \ufee3\ufe98\ufea0\ufeae \ufeed\ufead\ufe91\ufea2 \ufea3\ufebc\ufefc … \ufe91\ufeb8\ufeae\ufec1 \ufea3\ufeee\ufedd \ufeed\ufee7\ufebc\ufe8e\ufe8f \ufedb\ufee4\ufefc<\/h4>\n

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417. Dan (yang wajib dizakati pula) pada barang dagangan dan untung yang dihasilkannya dengan syarat haul, dan nishab yang telah sempurna<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ufeed\ufe9f\ufee8\ufeb2 \ufed7\ufeee\ufe95 \ufe91\ufe8e\ufea7\ufe98\ufef4\ufe8e\ufead \ufec3\ufe92\ufeca … \ufee3\ufee6 \ufecb\ufee8\ufe90 \ufeed\ufead\ufec3\ufe90 \ufeed\ufeaf\ufead\ufec9<\/h4>\n

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418. Dan (yang wajib dizakati pula) pada jenis makanan pokok yang dimakan dalam keadaan tidak terpaksa yakni berupa anggur, kurma dan biji-bijian<\/p>\n

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\ufeed\ufeb7\ufeae\ufec3\ufeea \u0627\ufedf\ufee8\ufebc\ufe8e\ufe8f \ufe87\ufeab \ufef3\ufeb8\ufe98\ufeaa … \ufea3\ufe90 \ufeed\ufeaf\ufeeb\ufeee \ufed3\ufef2 \u0627\ufedf\ufe9c\ufee4\ufe8e\ufead \ufef3\ufe92\ufeaa\ufeed<\/h4>\n

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419. Adapun syarat wajib zakat yaitu: genap satu nishab ketika mengeras biji tersebut, dan (ketika) nampak kebaikannya dalam buah-buahan<\/p>\n

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\ufed3\ufef2 \ufe87\ufe91\ufede \ufe83\ufea9\ufee7\ufef0 \ufee7\ufebc\ufe8e\ufe8f \u0627\ufef7\ufeb1 … \ufea7\ufee4\ufeb2 \ufedf\ufeec\ufe8e \ufeb7\ufe8e\ufe93 \ufeed\ufedb\ufede \ufea7\ufee4\ufeb2<\/h4>\n

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420. Zakat unta nishab yang paling rendah adalah 5 unta, padanya (wajib mengeluarkan zakat) 1 ekor kambing, dan setiap (kelipatan) lima<\/p>\n

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\ufee3\ufee8\ufeec\ufe8e \ufef7\ufead\ufe91\ufeca \ufee3\ufeca \u0627\ufedf\ufecc\ufeb8\ufeae\ufef3\ufee6 \ufebf\ufe8e\ufee5 … \ufe97\ufee2 \ufedf\ufeec\ufe8e \ufecb\ufe8e\ufee1 \ufeed\ufecb\ufee8\ufeb0 \ufecb\ufe8e\ufee3\ufe8e\ufee5<\/h4>\n

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421. Dari unta hingga 24 ekor zakatnya (ditambah) seekor kambing kibas yang sempurna umurnya setahun, atau kambing kacangan yang usianya dua tahun<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ufed3\ufef2 \u0627\ufedf\ufea8\ufee4\ufeb2 \ufeed\u0627\ufedf\ufecc\ufeb8\ufeae\ufef3\ufee6 \ufe91\ufee8\ufe96 \ufedf\ufee0\ufee4\ufea8\ufe8e\ufebd … \ufeed\ufed3\ufef2 \u0627\ufedf\ufe9c\ufefc\ufe9b\ufef4\ufee6 \ufeed\ufeb3\ufe96 \u0627\ufed3\ufe98\ufeae\u0627\ufebd<\/h4>\n

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422. Sedangkan untuk 25 ekor unta zakatnya adalah 1 ekor bintu makhadh (unta betina yang umur setahun jalan dua tahun) dan untuk 36 ekor unta kewajibannya<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ufe91\ufee8\ufe96 \ufedf\ufe92\ufeee\ufee5 \ufeb3\ufee8\ufe98\ufef4\ufee6 \u0627\ufeb3\ufe98\ufedc\ufee4\ufee0\ufe96 … \ufeb3\ufe96 \ufeed\ufe83\ufead\ufe91\ufecc\ufeee\ufee5 \ufea3\ufed8\ufe94 \ufe9b\ufe92\ufe96<\/h4>\n

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423 1 ekor bintu labun (unta betina) dua tahun genap (dan jalan tiga tahun). Adapun 46 ekor unta zakatnya lekor hiqqah (unta betina berusia 3 tahun jalan 4 tahun)<\/p>\n

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\ufeed\ufe9f\ufeac\ufecb\ufe94 \ufedf\ufee0\ufed4\ufeae\ufea9 \ufee3\ufeca \ufeb3\ufe98\ufef4\ufee6 … \ufeb3\ufe96 \ufeed\ufeb3\ufe92\ufecc\ufeee\ufee5 \u0627\ufe91\ufee8\ufe98\ufe8e \ufedf\ufe92\ufeee\ufee5<\/h4>\n

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424. Adapun jadza’ah (unta betina berusia 4 tahun jalan 5 tahun) adalah zakat untuk 61 ekor unta. Adapun untuk 76 ekor unta adalah 2 ekor bintu labun<\/p>\n

\n\ufed3\ufef2 \u0627\ufedf\ufed4\ufeae\ufea9 \ufeed\u0627\ufedf\ufe98\ufeb4\ufecc\ufef4\ufee6 \ufebf\ufecc\ufed2 \u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufed8\ufe94 … \ufeed\u0627\ufedf\ufed4\ufeae\ufea9 \ufee3\ufeca \ufecb\ufeb8\ufeae\ufef3\ufee6 \ufe91\ufecc\ufeaa \u0627\ufedf\ufee4\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufe94<\/h4>\n

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425. Adapun untuk 91 ekor unta zakat adalah 1 ekor hiqqoh dan untuk 121 ekor unta<\/p>\n

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\ufe9b\ufefc\ufe9b\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufe92\ufee8\ufe8e\ufe95 \ufee3\ufee6 \ufedf\ufe92\ufeee\ufee5 … \ufe91\ufee8\ufe96 \u0627\ufedf\ufee0\ufe92\ufeee\ufee5 \ufedb\ufede \ufe83\ufead\ufe91\ufecc\ufef4\ufee6<\/h4>\n

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426. Zakatnya adalah 3 ekor bintu labun. Adapun selebihnya, zakatnya adalah 1 ekor bintu labun setiap 40 ekor unta<\/p>\n

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\ufeed\ufea3\ufed8\ufe94 \ufedf\ufedc\ufede \ufea7\ufee4\ufeb4\ufef4\ufee6 \u0627\ufea3\ufeb4\ufe90 … \ufeed\u0627\ufecb\ufed2 \ufecb\ufee6 \u0627\ufef7\ufeed\ufed7\ufe8e\ufeb9 \ufe91\ufef4\ufee6 \u0627\ufedf\ufee8\ufebc\ufe90<\/h4>\n

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427. Dan 1 ekor hiqqah setiap 50 ekor unta hitunglah (zakatnya) dan maafkanlah apa yang kurang di antara dua batas nishab<\/p>\n

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\ufee7\ufebc\ufe8e\ufe8f \ufe83\ufe91\ufed8\ufe8e\ufead \ufe9b\ufefc\ufe9b\ufeee\ufee5 \ufeed\ufed3\ufef0 … \ufedb\ufede \ufe9b\ufefc\ufe9b\ufef4\ufee6 \ufe97\ufe92\ufef4\ufeca \ufef3\ufed8\ufe98\ufed4\ufef0<\/h4>\n

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428. Adapun nishab (zakat) sapi adalah 30 ekor. Dan setiap 30 ekor sapi (zakatnya) adalah 1 ekor tabi’ yakni (anak sapi) yang masih mengikuti (ibunya di padang gembalaan)<\/p>\n

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\ufee3\ufeb4\ufee8\ufe94 \ufed3\ufef2 \ufedb\ufede \ufe83\ufead\ufe91\ufecc\ufef4\ufee6 … \ufe83\ufef1 \ufeab\u0627\ufe95 \ufe9b\ufee8\ufe98\ufef4\ufee6 \ufee3\ufee6 \u0627\ufedf\ufeb4\ufee8\ufef4\ufee6 …<\/h4>\n

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429. Apabila sapinya sudah mencapai 40 ekor maka zakatnya 1 ekor musinnah, yaitu sapi yang memiliki usia dua tahun<\/p>\n

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\ufeed\ufebf\ufecc\ufed2 \ufecb\ufeb8\ufeae\ufef3\ufee6 \ufee7\ufebc\ufe8e\ufe8f \u0627\ufedf\ufed0\ufee8\ufee2 … \ufeb7\ufe8e\ufe93 \ufedf\ufeec\ufe8e \ufedb\ufeb8\ufe8e\ufe93 \ufe87\ufe91\ufede \u0627\ufedf\ufee8\ufecc\ufee2<\/h4>\n

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430. Adapun nishab kambing itu 40 ekor. Apabila sudah sampai 40 ekor maka zakatnya lekor kambing (yang ketentuannya) seperti pada (zakat) unta<\/p>\n

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\ufeed\ufebf\ufecc\ufed2 \ufeb3\ufe98\ufef4\ufee6 \ufe87\ufedf\ufef0 \ufeed\u0627\ufea3\ufeaa\ufe93 … \ufeb7\ufe8e\ufe97\ufe8e\ufee5 \ufeed\u0627\ufef9\ufea3\ufeaa\ufeef \ufeed\ufebf\ufecc\ufed2 \u0627\ufedf\ufee4\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufe94<\/h4>\n

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431. Apabila kambing sudah sampai 12 lekor maka zakatnya 2 ekor kambing; dan untuk satu dan dua kali lipat dari seratus (yakni 201) ekor kambing<\/p>\n

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\ufe9b\ufefc\ufe9b\ufe94 \ufee3\ufee6 \u0627\ufedf\ufeb8\ufef4\ufe8e\ufee9 \ufe9b\ufee4\ufe8e … \ufeb7\ufe8e\ufe93 \ufedf\ufedc\ufede \ufee3\ufef4\ufe94 \u0627\ufe9f\ufecc\ufede \ufea3\ufe98\ufee4\ufe8e<\/h4>\n

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432. Maka zakatnya 3 ekor kambing, kemudian (selebihnya zakatnya) 1 ekor kambing setiap 100 ekor, jadikanlah itu sebagai ketentuan<\/p>\n

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\ufee3\ufe8e\ufedd \u0627\ufedf\ufea8\ufee0\ufef4\ufec4\ufef4\ufee6 \ufedb\ufee4\ufe8e\ufedd \ufee3\ufed4\ufeae\ufea9 … \ufe87\ufee5 \ufee3\ufeb8\ufeae\ufec9 \ufeed\ufee3\ufeb4\ufeae\ufea1 \ufef3\ufe98\ufea4\ufeaa<\/h4>\n

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433. Ternak dari dua orang yang sudah bercampur dianggap seperti milik seorang (dengan syarat) jika tempat istirahat, dan tempat gembalaannya menjadi satu<\/p>\n

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\ufeed\u0627\ufedf\ufed4\ufea4\ufede \ufeed\u0627\ufedf\ufeae\u0627\ufecb\ufef2 \ufeed\ufe83\ufead\ufebd \u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufee0\ufe90 … \ufeed\ufed3\ufef2 \ufee3\ufeae\u0627\ufea1 \ufedf\ufef4\ufee0\ufeec\ufe8e \ufeed\u0627\ufedf\ufee4\ufeb8\ufeae\ufe8f<\/h4>\n

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434. Pejantannya satu, penggembalanya dan tempat peramahannya juga menjadi satu), tempat tidur di malam harinya dan tempat minumnya menjadi satu<\/p>\n

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\ufecb\ufeb8\ufeae\ufeed\ufee5 \ufee3\ufe9c\ufed8\ufe8e\ufefb \ufee7\ufebc\ufe8e\ufe8f \ufedf\ufee0\ufeac\ufeeb\ufe90 … \ufeed\ufee3\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufe98\ufe8e \ufea9\ufead\ufeeb\ufee2 \ufed3\ufec0\ufe94 \ufeed\ufe9f\ufe90<\/h4>\n

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435. Adapun untuk emas maka nisabnya 20 mitsqal. Dan untuk perak nishabnya 200 dirham (595 gram)<\/p>\n

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\ufed3\ufef2 \ufeab\ufef3\ufee6 \ufead\ufe91\ufeca \u0627\ufedf\ufecc\ufeb8\ufeae \ufedf\ufeee \ufee3\ufee6 \ufee3\ufecc\ufeaa\ufee5 … \ufeed\ufee3\ufe8e \ufef3\ufeb0\ufef3\ufeaa \ufe91\ufe8e\ufedf\ufea4\ufeb4\ufe8e\ufe8f \u0627\ufedf\ufe92\ufef4\ufee6<\/h4>\n

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436. Dalam keduanya (emas dan perak) kewajiban zakatnya adalah 1\\4 dari 1\/10 (1\/40 = 2,5%) walaupun berupa tambang dan yang lebih dari itu maka dengan hitungannya yang jelas<\/p>\n

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\ufeed\ufed3\ufef2 \ufead\ufedb\ufe8e\ufeaf \ufe9f\ufe8e\ufeeb\ufee0\ufef2 \ufee3\ufee8\ufeec\ufee4\ufe8e … \u0627\ufedf\ufea8\ufee4\ufeb2 \ufea3\ufe8e\ufefb \ufedb\ufe8e\ufedf\ufeb0\ufedb\ufe8e\ufe93 \ufed7\ufeb4\ufee4\ufe8e<\/h4>\n

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437. Dan untuk dikaz (harta terpendam) dari zaman jahiliah (sebelum Islam) yang berupa keduanya (emas dan perak), maka zakatnya adalah 1\/5 seketika itu juga dibagikan<\/p>\n

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\ufed3\ufef2 \u0627\ufedf\ufe98\ufee4\ufeae \ufeed\u0627\ufedf\ufeb0\ufead\ufec9 \u0627\ufedf\ufee8\ufebc\ufe8e\ufe8f \u0627\ufedf\ufeae\ufee3\ufee0\ufef0 … \ufed7\ufede \ufea7\ufee4\ufeb4\ufe94 \ufeed\ufead\ufe91\ufeca \ufe83\ufedf\ufed2 \ufead\ufec3\ufede<\/h4>\n

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438. Adapun untuk zakat kurma dan tanaman (biji-bijian) nishabnya dengan rithl Ramalah adalah 5 rithl dan 1\\4 dari 1000 rithl (yakni 255 rithl Ramalah)<\/p>\n

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\ufeed\ufeaf\u0627\ufe8b\ufeaa \ufe9f\ufed2 \ufeed\ufee3\ufee6 \ufecf\ufef4\ufeae \ufee7\ufed8\ufef0 … \u0627\ufedf\ufecc\ufeb8\ufeae \ufe87\ufeab \ufe91\ufefc \ufee3\ufe8c\ufeee\ufee7\ufe94 \ufeb3\ufed8\ufef0<\/h4>\n

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439. Adapun yang lebih dari 1 nishab dalam keadaan kering dan bersih maka zakatnya 1\/10 (10 %) jika diairi tanpa biaya<\/p>\n

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\ufeed\ufee7\ufebc\ufed4\ufeea \ufee3\ufeca \ufee3\ufe86\ufee5 \ufedf\ufee0\ufeb0\ufead\ufec9 … \ufe83\ufeed \ufe91\ufeec\ufee4\ufe8e \ufeed\ufeaf\ufec9 \ufe91\ufea4\ufeb4\ufe90 \u0627\ufedf\ufee8\ufed4\ufeca<\/h4>\n

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440. Dan separo dari 1\/10 (yakni 1\/20 = 5 %) jika dengan ongkos untuk tanaman tersebut atau dengan keduanya (yakni sebagian dengan ongkos dan sebagian tidak) maka zakatnya dibagi-bagi menurut kemanfaatannya<\/p>\n

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\ufeed\ufecb\ufeae\ufebd \ufee3\ufe98\ufea0\ufeae \ufe83\ufea7\ufef4\ufeae \ufea3\ufeee\ufedf\ufeea … \ufed7\ufeee\ufee3\ufeea \ufee3\ufeca \ufead\ufe91\ufea2 \ufe91\ufee8\ufed8\ufeaa \ufe83\ufebb\ufee0\ufeea<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

Artinya:<\/p>\n

441. Adapun barang dagangan maka di akhir haulnya hendaknya engkau hitung bersama dengan keuntungannya dengan harga yang dipakai ketika membelinya.<\/p>\n

(***)<\/p>\n

Bersambung …..<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

(*\u00a0Muhammad Farid Wajdi<\/strong><\/em>, Guru Fikih\/Pengasuh Ponpes Modern Putri IMMIM Minasatene-Pangkep.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12130,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","blog-kat":[139,195],"class_list":["post-12300","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog-kat-fikih","blog-kat-kitab-fikih"],"yoast_head":"\nTerjemah Matn Shofwatu Zubad (Nadzom Fiqh Syafi\u2019iyah) \u2013 28: Kitab Zakat - Blog Pesantren Modern Putri IMMIM Pangkep<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Oleh:\u00a0Muhammad Farid Wajdi\u00a0*) BLOGGURU\u00a0\u2013 Sudah kenal Kitab Matn Shofwatu Zubad atau lebih populer disebut Nadzom Zubad? 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